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For many years Robert Gifford , with colleagues, has been using the Lens Model methodology derived from the work of Egon Brunswik to explore the differing perceptions and evaluations of the same phenomenon of different groups. In the present case he and Kelly Shaw studied the assessments of burglars and residents of the vulnerability of houses with different attributes (as coded by independent observers). The respondents simply rated the vulnerability of a house, the relationship between these  Ratings and the attributes being established by statistical analysis
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Actual barriers
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Symbolic barriers
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Traces of occupancy
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Road surveillability
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Occupant's surveillability
A series of 50 photographs of houses were used in the study. 55 detailed attributes were coded by the independent observers, but these were grouped into the 5 broad ones reported here. Here we have provided ratings for 4 hypothetical houses In the first slide in the gallery the weights reflect the results for adult burglars as a group, standardising for House Value (which in itself increased vulnerability). In slide two are the corresponding Residents' weightings. Note that since the presence of Actual Barriers and Symbolic Barriers increased vulnerability these attributes are phrased negatively. Neither Actual Barriers or Occupancy Traces were statistically signficant The very similar weightings produce very similar scores, the higher weight to Road Surveillability by residents producing small changes in relation to houses 1 and 2  | KT Shaw and R Gifford 1994 "Residents' and burglars' assessment of burglary risk from defensible space cues" Journal of Environmental Psychology 14: 177-194 |
See Buildings item (forthcoming) for a Gifford study comparing architects' and laypersons' evalution of buildings
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